Which of the following is not considered an indicia of U.S. citizenship?

Residency in the U.S. for over a year is not considered an indicia of U.S. citizenship. While living in the U.S. may imply a connection to the country, it does not confer citizenship. Citizenship is determined by specific legal criteria, such as being born to U.S. citizen parents, being born on U.S. soil, or obtaining citizenship through naturalization.

In contrast, having U.S. citizen parents or grandparents serves as a direct link to citizenship through heritage. An application for naturalization clearly indicates a person's intent to become a citizen, showing the legal process towards citizenship, while being born in the U.S. establishes citizenship at birth under the principle of jus soli. Thus, options related to birthright and legal processes of citizenship clearly define indicia of citizenship, while length of residency does not inherently equate to citizenship status.